Angioplastia transluminal percutánea no cardiaca - Medical Animation
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Angioplastia transluminal percutánea no cardiaca - Medical Animation
MEDICAL ANIMATION TRANSCRIPT: Angioplastia transluminal percutnea no cardaca. Un cirujano realizar una angioplastia transluminal percutnea no cardaca o NCPTA para restaurar el flujo sanguneo en una arteria obstruida por la placa ateroesclertica. Los depsitos de grasa, denominados placas ateroesclerticas, pueden acumularse en las arterias, estrechando el pasillo e interfiriendo con el flujo sanguneo. Esta obstruccin arterial se denomina estenosis. El flujo insuficiente de sangre a un tejido generalmente causa dolor. Una angioplastia transluminal percutnea no cardaca se realiza nicamente cuando su condicin no ha respondido las opciones menos invasivas de tratamiento como cambios en el estilo de vida y medicamentos. Para empezar el procedimiento, se le ubicar en una mesa equipada con un fluoroscopio. Un fluoroscopio es capaz de tomar imgenes de rayos X de varias partes del cuerpo desde mltiples ngulos. El mdico adormecer la piel alrededor de donde se insertar el catter. Debido a que las arterias de la pierna son de ms fcil acceso, la arteria femoral en la ingle sirve como sitio de insercin en la mayora de los casos. Inicialmente, el mdico tendr acceso a la arteria insertando una aguja hueca a travs de la cual pasa el catter de globo con filtro. Mirando la pantalla fluoroscpica, el mdico avanzar cuidadosamente el catter hasta posicionarlo en la arteria que va a ser tratada e inyectar un colorante especial. Este colorante permite que el flouroscopio tome imgenes de rayos X, llamados angiogramas, que le permite al mdico identificar la ubicacin exacta de las obstrucciones. Luego, el mdico mover el catter hasta que el globo desinflado en su punta se encuentre posicionado en el lugar de la estenosis. Luego, inflando y desinflando rpidamente el globo, el mdico empujar cuidadosamente la placa y la pared del vaso hacia un lado, restableciendo parcialmente el flujo sanguneo. Se puede repetir este procedimiento para cualquier obstruccin adicional. En algunos casos, el mdico puede colocar un stent, que es una malla de alambre que permanece en la arteria para mantenerla abierta. Para desarrollar este procedimiento, el mdico colocar un stent hundido sobre el globo desinflado en la punta del catter. Cuando se infla el globo, el stent se expande y encaja en su lugar. Al final del procedimiento, el mdico retirar el catter a travs del sitio original de la insercin. Despus del procedimiento, se colocar una venda de presin en el lugar de insercin del catter y se le pedir que permanezca tendido para prevenir hemorragias. Ser monitoreado cuidadosamente en el rea de recuperacin para asegurarse de que el fluido sanguneo se mantiene a travs de la arteria afectada. A la mayora de los pacientes se les da de alta el mismo da de su procedimiento. Pero, algunos permanecen en el hospital entre uno y dos das para observacin.
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